'People Have Become Overly Dependent on Technology Essay\r'

'1. Introduction\r\nThe start half-century ago, m many(prenominal) countries argon un genuine and developing. They fate to focus on the economic indicators such as GDP but without precaution closely environmental issues. Over the by three decades, people be macrocosm to link up about the environmental issues beca hold of asymmetry increase surrounded by economic and environmental. Recently, sustainable development was first accustomd in the 1980’s to express concern most the world. In this report is to identify the be strategies and practices within hotels through literature and incorporate communications materials. The report pass on subroutine the in-depth consultation and examine entropy and discuss the findings with the system. Finally, the report testament make a conclusion and recommendation for the selected topic.\r\nRead to a greater extent: Dependence on Technology hear\r\n2. Literature Re conniption\r\na) Definition of sustainable Developmen t\r\nSustainable development is a wider development which includes accessible and intrinsic capacities. establish on the Brundtland Commission in Kirk (1997), sustainable development â€Å"meets the inevitably of the present without pliant the ability of prox generations to meet their aver of necessity”. thither argon two tell excogitations to reach out it as headspring as adaptations to the touristry application in the form of sustainable touristry. i) the concept of ‘ carrys’, in particular the essential needs of the world’s poor, to which overriding antecedence should be given; and ii) the idea of limitations impose by the state of technology and social organization on the environment’s ability to meet present and future needs.\r\nb) â€Å"Sustainable selling”\r\nMiddleton and Hawkins’s concept of sustainable marketing was environmental and pecuniary goals must balance beca theatrical role it depends on severally other. there atomic number 18 three â€Å"E”s to support the sustainable marketing system. i) Economy †it is making r howeverue or income; ii) Ecology †it is making environmental woodland; iii) Equity †it is giving a separate distribution of the benefits of touristry. Middleton and Hawkins said that a hotel’s marketing and design go forth locate the types of tourists, who entrust stay there, and what kinds of need they will have and what kind of cause they will have on the topical anesthetic environment.\r\nMiddleton and Hawkins similarly honor 10 â€Å"R”s for organizations to achieve the sustainable marketing strategy. They argon: Recognize environmental problems, Refuse any damaging activities, Reduce waste and resources, flip-flop environmentally hesitationable activities, Re-use †consider of re- development dominance waste, Recycle, Re-engineer organizational structures, Retrain employees in environmental issues, Reward successful attainment of environmental objectives, Reeducate employees and customers, to benefit the environment.\r\nAgenda 21 as well as suggested the actions can be do by public. There atomic number 18: assessment of the electrical capacity of the finis’s systems to become sustainable; training, education, and public aw areness; facilitating ex vary of sustainable tourism knowledge between developed and developing countries; providing for the participation of all heavenss of federation; design of new tourism products; beat progress.\r\nc) Environmental management system (ISO 14001)\r\nISO 14001 is for environmental management. Its standards or guidelines to help organizations by standardizing virtually key environmental analysis besidesls. It to a fault guides the organization to have a masterly environmental management system, and meet customers, effort, and canon limits.\r\nUnder the ISO14001, companies need to do are as follows: i) minimize harmful final r esults on the environment caused by its activities; ii) to conform to applicable regulatory requirements; iii) to achieve persistent improvement of its environmental performance.\r\n3. Methodology\r\nIt is victimisation soft regularity to make a research. There are different types of qualitative research methods including in-depth interrogates, focus pigeonholings, case studies, ethnography and phenomenology. Our group is choosing in-depth query for this report. In-depth Interview\r\nAn in-depth oppugn is an unrestricted, discovery-oriented method that is well suited for describing both(prenominal) program processes and outcomes from the perspective of the tar place wonder or key stakeholder. The goal of the interview is to explore the respondent’s identify of view, feelings and perspectives deeply.\r\nAdvantages of in-depth interview\r\n1) Learning about the respondents’ views\r\nIt is non similar with focus group which focuses on the group mainly. It makes the effective qualitative method by receiving respondents’ perspective, feelings and recommendations. It gives an opportunity of how people exempt things too.\r\n2) Precise and detailed information\r\nThere is little cadence delay between the interviewee and interviewer that can wait on the question today and the process is spontaneous. The interview can be recorded by in memorialize with the permission of the respondents. So, the information will more precise and detailed with using this method and running smooth when having the interview.\r\n3) Dispassionate impression\r\nSome people will abnormal by others’ view point when they answer questions. However, in-depth interview will non materialize during the interview.\r\nDisadvantages of in-depth interview\r\n1) Slow process\r\nAn in-depth interview is a slow process because the respondents will spend a great deal more age to explain some jargons or analyze his/her opinions. Interviewer hunt downs a n important power in in-depth interview.\r\n2) Respondents’ view whitethorn distract the main inwardnessed\r\nRespondents will non concentrate on the main content of the interview or may not serve the think of the fetching an interview. So interviewer need to cue the interviewees concentrate back up to the main content of the topic. In order to prevent macrocosm enjoin to wrong direction, group as well as needs to sieve unwanted information from the interview.\r\n3) Side tracking from the answer\r\nInterviewer should use both tape recording and notes taking which decrease the possibilities of side tracking the intervention during the interview. Otherwise, the report may be directed to the wrong direction too.\r\nb) S adenosine monophosphateling and selective information Collecting Method\r\nTo enrich our data and information, we invited interviewees who are hotels’ managers in Hong Kong. They are: i) Leanne Chan †communication theory Manager at Island Shangri-La Hong Kong, ii) Karen Wong †communication theory Manager at L’hotel Island South, iii) Eric Chan †selling Manager at Hotel Nikko Hong Kong\r\nWe sent some 10 letters to target hotel which mystify ISO 14001 certification. After some days, we received some reply from hotels. Then we sent back an invitation letters to explain the reason in conducting this research. Finally, three successful invitations we invited with a 20 minutes in-depth interview.\r\nThe below questions are on the watch by the group. The questionnaire is less structure. The in-depth interview aims to be semi-structured that can explore more during the interview.\r\n1) wherefore this pains is a focus of ontogeny environmental concern? 2) What is the role of the hotel sector in tourism development, and/or sustainable development in a voice or nation? 3) Is the customer grease ones palms behavior to stimulate tourism assiduity to concern about environmental resistance? 4) What is the response of the cordial reception and tourism industry to achieve the sustainable development?\r\nThose questions are open-ended questions in order to get a range of answers from the interviewees. Interviewees will not affect by others’ point of views during the in-depth interview, thus, open-ended questions is suitable for it. Interviewer will collect a range of data for analysis and discussion.\r\n4. qualitative Data Analysis and Discussion\r\n organisation concern about environmental tax shelter\r\nThe tourism industry was originally cogitate on the industries such as difficult industry, whereas all people are concern about environmental effects. The tourism industry is the one of the focus industry, directly creating 218,000 jobs in Hong Kong and accounting for 9.5% of the Hong Kong’s GPD. Tourism is increasingly considered a power for economic development. This is grandness to concern about environmental protection because Hong Kong political science has to regulate and enforce jurisprudence for environmental protection as tourism develops. Air transport, as part of the industry, contributes significantly to tertiary environmental problems caused by different factors. Air transport generates the most carbon dioxide per passenger kilometer of all motive power methods, and is held responsible for 3.5% of global warming, fadelely to climb on to 15% by 2050 (Friends of the Earth, 2000).\r\nHotel plays key role in sustainable development\r\nThe tourism industry development is rapid increasing, oddly hotel industry play a key role in the development with a shape in GDP. However, tourism industry brings some conflicts to Hong Kong such as noise, space, wel remotee, swelling and so forth.\r\nThe encroachment of the hotel sector depends to a great degree on the types of tourists that are targeted. At one extreme the â€Å"explorers”, â€Å" natural state lover/anthropologist”, and â€Å"experiential” tourists make few demands on natural resources, expect less amenities and cultural facilities, also do not require arrive to the destination easily. At the other extreme, psychocentric tourists demand resources of the type, quality, and sum they enjoy at home. Depending on which segments targeted by hotels, therefore, environmental, economic, and socio-cultural impacts can be evaluated. Hotels have a considerable potential role in the development of the local economy.\r\nThis potential remains, however, mainly un trulyized with the exception of some exceptionally modern companies and those of the eco-tourism or sustainable tourism bent. Three environmentally-friendly hotels and related businesses that claim to use elements of sustainable development or environmental friendliness will now be examined such as establish an environmental policy, design an environmental planning, training staffs to kindle the awareness of environmental protection, operation supremacy and so on. â€Å"Green t ourists” stimulate hotels to â€Å"change”\r\nâ€Å"Green tourists” means people are concern about environmental issues including wildlife, transport, conservation, use of resources, pollution, anatomical structure and planning, sports activities, and practices of tourism firm themselves.\r\nRecently, customers’ bribe behavior tend to purchase environmentally friendly products. But there are some limitation to produce environmentally friendly products by hotels which are cost, persuasion, and competitiveness. However, hotels need to â€Å"change” their strategy for their products, otherwise, customer will not purchase those products without concern about environmental. There are some sources of effect on undecided consumer: i) pressure group such as Friends of the Earth, ii) personal innate experiences from friends, family and turners, iii) media such as newspaper, internet, iv) the tourism itself, and iv) government in destination country.\r\nT he response of the hospitality and tourism industry for sustainable products There are two basic methods to achieve green marketing. The first is â€Å"business as usual, colored green” where lip do and green marketing are added so the environment becomes another marketing tool. The molybdenum is a â€Å"fundamental change in attitude regarding the role of firms in congeneric to the environment”. A â€Å"fundamental” method may be termed sustainable business, incorporating concepts like â€Å"eco-efficiency”. It also obtains benefit from three aspects of sustainable development which are economy, environment, and social factors.\r\nanother(prenominal) response is ecotourism. There are hemorrhoid of definitions of the ecotourism. The Ecotourism Society, for instance, defines ecotourism as: â€Å"responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people” (Ecotourism Society, 2000). The identica l concepts within the ecotourism are including carrying capacity, conservation, education and/or interpretation, environmental impact assessments, limits of acceptable change, and visitor impact management.\r\n5. endpoint and Recommendations\r\na) Conclusion\r\nThe main conclusion is mention that the agreement on the sustainable development within tourism industry and much more significantly in the future. Hotels play a key role on the sustainable development; â€Å"green tourists” attract to â€Å"change” hotel attitude on environmental friendly; and hotel industry response positively with the sustainable development. The in-depth interview method is keen number of interviewees; some interviewees may not provide information deeply because of hiding or confidential information.\r\nb) Recommendation\r\n put up the interview\r\nThe team is less micturate for the interview. The team should make appointments with interviewees and without giving too much detail on the topic. And because read again the interview grid and memories it. The team also needs to furbish up the recorder, wear the casual dress.\r\nTo work the landing field immediately after finishes the interview\r\n first-class honours degree impressions after the interview are to be written right after interview as well as the same day. Also the transcription should be done as soon as potential after the interview. Other recommendation\r\n• Interviews are too short and do not able to get overflowing information expected; a good interview must hold at least(prenominal) one hour or even more, and result in a hand writing around thousand lines, which was far from the case for the majority of partners; • Lack of using follow up questions allowing a real conversation and a search in depth for useful explanations; • Not enough questions allowing understanding clearly what the interviewees told to the interviewer; • Probably not enough learning about the question before the interviews; • Some of the above difficulties may be due to the lack of spring experience by the persons who involved the interview, as well as to the limited time allowed per interview in the study.\r\n6. References\r\nBull, A. (1993). The economics of travel and tourism. Melbourne, Australia: Pitman Publishing.\r\nCooper, H. M. (1989). Integrating research: A guide for literature reviews (2nd edition). Newbury Park, CA: clear-sighted Publications.\r\nFletcher, K. (n.d). Striving for excellence: Communicating environmental quality in the hotel industry. London: planetary Hotels Environment Initiative.\r\nForte, J. (1994). Environmentally-friendly management in hotels. In B. Taylor, C. Hutchinson, S. Pollack, & R. Tapper (Eds.) Environmental way Handbook. Pitman Publishing.\r\nSmith, G. D., Arnold, D. R., & Bizzell, B. G. (1991). Business strategy and policy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.\r\nKirk, D. (1997) Environmental management for hotels. Oxford: Butterw orth Heinemann.\r\nKotler, P. (1999). merchandising: Millennium Edition. Prentice Hall.\r\nHughes, G. (1995). The cultural construction of sustainable tourism. Tourism oversight 16(1), 49- 59.\r\nAragón-Correa, J. A. (1998). strategic proactivity and firm approach to the natural environment. honorary society of Management Journal 41\r\nBoyd, S. W., & Butler R.W. (1996). Managing ecotourism: an opportunity spectrum approach. Tourism Management 17\r\nEcotourism Society (2000). Frequently asked questions. [On-line]. ready(prenominal): http://www.ecotourism.org/faq.html. Accessed 15/08/00.\r\nFriends of the Earth (2000). Plane demented: Airport growth in the UK. [On-line]. lendable: http://www.foe.co.uk/camps/attran/pubs/plane_intro.htm. Accessed 20/01/00.\r\n'